Combined breast-drill and valve-grinder.



J. R. SANDBERG.

GOMBTNED BREAST DRILL AND VALVE GRINDER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 21, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

Illl- ME! J. R. SANDBERG. I COMBINED BREAST DRILL AND VALVE GRINDER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 21, 1908.

Patented Aug. 10. 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

izunr. lm 7 h z m UNITED STATES JOHN -R. SANDBERG, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

COMBINED BREAST-B31141. AND VALVE-GRINDER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

Application filed August 21, 1908. Serial No. 449,746.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN R. SANDBERG,

4 ,(having declared my intention of becoming a citizen of the UnitedStates of America,) residing in the cit and county of Denver and Stateof Colora 0, have invented a new and useful Combined Breast-Drill andValve- Grinder, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a combined-valve grinder and breast drill, andthe objectofthe invention is: to provide a drill of this character, comrising a frame in which is mounted a spin e having beveled pinionsloosely mounted thereon, which are in mesh with an operating beveledgear wheel, said pinions carrying pawls which engage ratchet Wheelssecured to said spindle, adjustable cams being provided for alternatelydisengaging the pawls from the ratchets, the cams being 0ppositely'positioned so that when one pawl is in engagement with its ratchet wheelthe other pawl is inoperative, thereby giving to the spindle anoscillating or valve grinding movement, means being provided for lockingone of said pawls out of engagement with its ratchet, which permitsthemachine to be operated as an ordinary drill further, to provide cams forthe pawls, having faces of uneven length, so that one of said. awls willengage its ratchet wheel for a onger period I than the other pawl,whereby the spindle will be turned agreater distance in one .directionthan in the opposite direction. -I attain these objects by the mechanismillustrated in the accompanying'drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a front elevation of the improved valve grinder, andbreastdrill, showing the parts arranged for valve grinding. Fig. 2, is avertical longitudinal sectional view through the drill at right anglesto the position shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a plan View of the forwarddriving bevel pinion, showing the ratchet wheel and the pawl, which isoperated by the inion, the cam for alternately disengaging t e pawl fromthe ratchet wheel being shown'in dotted lines.

Fig. 4, is a plan view of the cam shown in,

dotted lines in Fig. 3. Fig. 5, .isa side or edge View of the ratchetwheel shown in Fig. 3." Fig. 6, is a plan view of the backwa d chuckholding spindle.

driving beveled pinion and parts connected therewith. Fig. 7, is anenlarged vertical sectional view of a portion of the backward drivingpinion and ratchet wheel, showing the pin for locking the pawl out ofengagement with the said ratchet wheel. Fig. 8, is an enlarged plan viewof the pawl shown in Fig. 7. And Fig. 9, is a perspective view of thelocking pin used in connection with the said pawl.

Similar numerals ofreference refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1, designates the frame of myvalve grinding and hole drilling tool. This frame comprises a stemportion'2, which is tubular throu 'hout the greater portion of itslength, an is provided adjacent to its opposite ends with loop portions3 and 4; between the opposite end portions of each of these loopportions, the stem body portion of the frame is cut away, and in thesespacesin the body bevel pinions 5 and 6 are placed, which are mounted ona spindle 7, that is fitted snugly but is rotatably mounted inside of.the tubular portion of the frame. The spindle extends eyond the chuckend of the frame and on its end a chuck 8 of any suitable make isdetachably secured. The bevel pinions are provided with a hub portion 9,and these pinions are rotatably mounted on the s 'indle with their hubsfacing each other an positioned against the op osite ends of the centralortion 10 of the rame. On the spindle at t e side of each gear oppositeto its hub portion, and fitting between the gear and the adjacent end ofthe frame in the loops of the frame, I place and mount on and secure tothe shaft preferably by pins 12, ratchet wheels 13 and 14, and theratchet teeth of one of these ratchet wheels are ositioned opposite tothose of the other. Tile pins 12 extend through hub portions 15, formedon the ratchet wheels, and also through the On the outer face of eachbeveled pinion adjacent to the ratchet wheels, I pivotally secure apawl'by a screw 18. These pawls 17 and 17 are also positioned to standin opposite directions" from each other, and their tooth portions areeach held in operative relation to their res ective ratchet wheels by aspring 19, whici is soently described. 45.

cured at one end to the face of the gear and is arranged to bearresiliently on the pawl,

and thus hold it in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel.

Upon the body portion of the frame within its loop portions and at theouter end portions that are adjacent to the open spaces in the bodyportion, I mount earns 20 and 21. These cams are slidably mounted on thebody of the frame and are feathered against rotary movement thereon byfeather keys 22, which are secured to the frame. These cams standnormally against the hub portions of the ratchet wheels, being heldthere by any suitable means, such as a spring 23, which is secured atone end to the frame and is ar ranged to form an abutment against thelateral sliding movement of the cams away from the ratchet wheels. Thecam surfaces of these cams comprise disk portions, of two differentradial diameters 24 and 26, the peripheral surfaces of which form thecam sur faces, and these cam surfaces are engaged by rollers 24, whichproject from the side of the toothed end portions of the pawls, therollers 24 being mounted on pins 25 Which are secured 'to the side ofthe awls. The two radial diameter portions of these cams are arranged sothat the larger diameter 24 when engaged by the roller of the pawl liftsthe pawl out of engagement with the ratchet wheel, but when the pawlroller runs ofi of the larger diameter 24 onto the smaller diameter 26,the pawl is pressed into engagement with the teeth of its ratchet wheel.The two different radial cam portions of one of these cams are made ofequal circumferential length, but on the other cam the smallerradial'surface is made longer than the larger diameter in order that thepawl of this cam will engage its ratchet wheel for more than one half ofits circumferential or rotary movement, for a urpose that will bepreshese cams are also feathered on the frame with their cam surfacespositioned op osite each other. A bevel gear 28, whic I term the drivinggear, is

pivotally mounted on the frame in a position to mesh with both beveledpinions, and a crank handle 29 is attached to this gear in a positiontorotate it. The op osite 'end of the frame from the chuck en is providedwith a plate 30, which is adapted to be placed against the breast of theoperator when using the tool.

The operation of the elements of my invention is as follows, and theyhave been designed especially for the purpose of grinding valves andvalve surfaces, and the gears and ratchet wheels and their pawlsand camsimpart an oscillating or rotary reciprocal movement to the spindle, andalso an advancing step by step full rotary motion to the spindle, andits chuck, at the same time, in the following manner: The tool isgrasped by one hand of the operator and its breast plate 30 is placedagainst his breast, while with the other hand he turns the crank andbevel gear. The rotation of the gear imparts rotary motion to the bevelpinions, which are loosely mounted on the spindle. The awls rotate withthe pinions and are held byt 1e resilient pressure of their springs inengagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheels when the cam rollers ofthe pawls are in regis ter with the lesser radial diameters of the camsurfaces, which ratchet Wheels are secured to the chuck spindle and imart a partial rotative movement to them, ut as the pinions rotate theirpawl rollers enga e the arger diameter surface of the cams an they arelifted out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel, and permitthe pawls to ride over the teeth of the ratchet wheels as long as thepawl rollers ride on the lar er diameter of the cams, and as the paw sand cams are positioned to operate in opposite directions they engagethe ratchet wheels of the spindle in alternate order, and impart to themand to the chuck spindle a partial rotative movement in oppositedirections, thus imparting an oscillatirfi or rotary reci rocal movementto the spin 0 and its chuc and in addition to this,as the smaller camsurface of one of the cams is larger than that of the other, the pawlroller-of this cam allows its pawl to engage the teeth of its ratchetwheel longer, and consequently to move it farther than the, otherratchet wheel does, and consequently a forward step by step rotarymovement is imparted to the spindle and chuck beyond the reverserotating movement imparted by the equal cam surface portioned cam, whichresults in a partial rotary movement being given to the spindle inadvancing step by step rotary movements at the same time that it isgoing through its rotary reciprocal movements. In case an operator didnot have sufiicient room in which to rotate the crank, the same resultscan be obtained by moving the handle in short reciprocal partialrotativestrokes. This combined rotary reciprocal and partial step by stepcreeping rotary movement is accomplished in the following manner: Thevalve to be ground is attached to the chuck and the operator holds itagainst the valve seat and grinds the two together with this continualoscillating and rotary movement with oil and other suitable material,until the two surfaces are ground evenly and smoothly to into contact ateach reciprocal movement of the spindle, and prevents channel ruts frombeing formed in them and insures a perfect, even, smooth surface.Furthermore valves eso,eao

can be ground to their seats in much less time and with greater accuracythan by hand. This feature of my invention is especially adapted togrinding the valves of automobile engines, but is also adapted to allkinds of stationary and marine engines valves that are not too large tobe handled in this manner. I do not, however, illustrate a valve in thechuck, as the operation of securing a valve to the chuck and of holdingit against its valve seat is well understood by machinists and repairersof automobiles.

Whenever it is advantageous to do so, the crank handle can be removedand a pulley or bevel gear, which I do not illustrate, may be secured toit and be arranged and adapted to be attached to any suitable supply ofpower. My improved tool is also adapted to be used as a ratchet drill bysim ly sliding either one or both of the cams baciiward out ofengagement with the rollers of the pawls, and by ocking one pawl out ofengagement with its pinion. The slidin of the cams out of engagementwith the rol ers of the pawls is accom lished by pressing the springs23, so that t ey will pass into slots 23, in the hubs of the cams, whichpermits the cams to be pushed back, and the frictional enga ement of thesprings 23 with the faces of t e cam slots, holds the cams away from andout of engagement with the rollers ofv the pawls and one of the pawlsmay be locked out of engagement wit its inion by any suitable means, butI prefera ly carry out this feature of my invention in the followingmanner, and preferabiy select the pawl 17 at the handle end of the tool.Through this pawl I form an aperture of two different diame ters 34 and35, the larger diameter of which extends into the pawl from its rearside and extends nearly through it. In. this aperture of two diameters Ifit loosely a pin 36, which extends loosely through and beyond thesmaller diameter of the aperture, and is provided with a head portionthat fits loosely into the larger diameter of the aperture, and a coiledspring 37 is laced around the stem of the pin between t e bottom of thelarger portion of the aperture and the head of the pm, and normallyholds the head of the pin against the pinion, andin the adjacent side ofthe pinion a hole 37 is formed to receive the head of the pin, but thishole is positioned relative to the pin so that the pin. will notregister with and enter it until the tooth of the pawl is raised out ofand clear of engagement with the teeth of its ratchet wheel, when itwill be forced into the hole in the gear and will lock the pawl in aposition in which its toothed end is out of engagement with the teeth ofits ratchet. Both of the cams being locked out of enga ement with thepawl rollers, and onepawl, eing locked out of engagement with itsratchet wheel,

the spindle can be driven with a constant rotative movement by turningthe crank handle and driving gear, which rotates both pinions, but theawl 17 is in constant engagement with t e ratchet wheel 13, andconsequently rotates the said wheel and spindle as the inion 5 rotates;the other pinion rotates a so, but its pawl 17 1s locked out ofengagement with its ratchet wheel by the in 36, consequently it isinoperative relative to the ratchet wheel 14, and the spindle. The pin36 which looks the pawl to the pinion 6, is provided with means forlooking it out of engagement with its pinion when the pawl is used fordriving its ratchet wheel, consistin of a transverse pin 38 near itsouter end, w ich normally lies in a shal low slot 39 formed in the pawlat one side of the smaller aperture 34, the transverse pin 38 beingarranged to hold the pin 36, out of the hole 37, and within the aperture35 of the awl, but when it is desired to lock the pawl out of engagementwith its ratchet wheel, the transverse pin 38is drawn out of its slot 39and is turned around to a slot 40 formed in the pawl at right angles tothe slot 39, and which is of suflicient depth to permit the head of thelocking in to enter the hole in the pinion, and thus ock the pawl out ofengagement with its ratchet wheel. A knob or arm 41 is formed on theouter end of the pawl locking pin, which may be grasped by the fingersof the operator in manipulating the in. rt tating breast drill, byoperating the crank handle with short reel rocal partial rotativemovements instead 0? full rotative movements.

When using the tool as a breast or as a ratchet drill, it sometimeshappens that a drill will stick in the hole being drilled and it wouldfacilitate the freeing of the drill if it could be moved backward. Iaccomplish this feature by inserting a set screw 42 in the hub of thepinion 5, w screwed into a hole in the'spindle and thus secure thepinion to the spindle; and as the pawl 17 is out of engagement with Itsratchet gear 14, the backward rotatlon of the operating handle will turnthe chuck and its drill backward. A handle 43, is secured to the centralportion 10 of the drill frame, which is grasped by the operator when thedrill is supported against the breast. a

My invention is simple, and will provide a practical and handy I toolfor grinding valves and for breast and ratchet drilling.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is:

1. In a combined valve grinding and a hole drilling tool, thecombination with a supporting frame, a chuck spindle 'rotatably mountedin said frame, a pair of bevel pin iich is adapted to be e tool can beused as a continuously 1'0- ions mounted on said frame, pawls secured tosaid pinions and arranged in opposite 0 erative directions, ratchettoothed whee s secured to said s indle in operative relation to saidpawls an arranged in opposing operative relationship'to each other,means including cams for alternately disengaging said pawls frorrrsaidratchet toothed wheels at predetermined ortions of their rotativemovement, a chuc on said spindle, a breast plate on; the end of saidframe op osite to said chuck, a beveled gear mounted on said frame inmesh with said bevel pinions, and means for rotating said bevel gear.

' 2. In a combined valve grinding and drilling tool, the combinationwith a tubular frame, a chuck holding spindle rotatably mounted in saidframe, a pair of oppositely arranged bevel inions loosely mounted onsaid spindle, a evel gear mounted on said frame in mesh with saidpinions, means for rotating said bevel gear, a clamping device at theouter end of said spindle, and a breast plate at the opposite end ofsaid frame from said s indle, with 'a pair of oppositely arrange ratchettoothed wheels secured to said s indle arranged each at the side of oneof sai pinions, a spring controlled pawl secured to each pinion and inoperative mesh with said ratchet gears, a cam slidably and non-rotatablymounted on said frame adjacent to said pawls, a projection on each ofsaid pawls in engagement with said cams,

. one of said cams beingarranged to raise and hold one of said awls outofengagement with its ratchet w eel during one-half of a rotativerevolution of said ratchet wheel and spindle, and the other cam beingarranged to hold the other pawl out of engagement with its ratchet wheelmore than onehalf of a rotative revolution of its ratchet wheel and ofsaid spindle, whereby'rotation of said pinions imparts an oscillating orpartial rotative reciprocal movement to said spindle and at the sametime a progressive step by step full rotative movement to said spindle.

3. In a machine as specified, the combination with a supporting frame,of a spindle mounted therein having beveled pinions loosely mountedthereon; an operating beveled gear in mesh with said pinions; ratchetwheels rigidly mounted on the spindle, pawls on the inions adapted toengage the ratchet whee s and means for automatically disengaging onepawl at or before the engagement of the other pawl with its wheel.

4. In a'machine as specified, the combination with a supporting frame,having a spindle mounted therein, of beveled pinlons loosely mounted onthe spindle, and an operating beveled gear mounted on the frame, in meshwith the said pinions;'oppositely set ratchet Wheels rigid on thespindle; spring pressed pawls on the pinions adapted to engage theratchet wheels; friction rollers on the pawls; oppositely set cams inthe aths of the said rollers by which the paw s are disengaged from theratehets in alternate order; and means for lockin g one of the pawls inan inoperative position.

5. In a machine as specified, the combination with a frame, a spindlemounted in the frame, beveled pinions loosely mounted on the spindle,and means for rotating said pinions in opposite directions, ofoppositely set ratchet w eels rigidly secured upon the spindle; pawls onthe inions adapted to engage the ratchet whee s rollers on the pawlsoplpositely set cams in the dpaths of the said r0 ers, having faces ofifl'erent lengths, whereby said pawls are disen aged from the ratchetwheels in alternate order, and for different periods of time; and aspring operated pin in one of said pawls, which is adapted to enter ahole in the adjacent beveled pinion and lock the said pawl in aninoperative position. v p

6. In a machine as specified, the combination with a frame, a spindlemounted in the ,frame, beveled pinions loosely mounted on the spindle,and means for turning the pinions in opposite directions, of oppositelyset ratchet w eels rigidly secured upon the spindle; spring pressedpawls plvotally mounted on the pinions, which are adapted to engage theratchet wheels; rollers on the free ends of said pawls; op ositely setcams slidable on said frame, whic 1 project into the aths of the rollersand disen age the pawls rom the cams in alternate or er; feathers onsaid frame for preventing axial movement of the cams, and a sprinpressed pin in one of said pawls which is adapted to enter a hole in theadjacent pinion, and lock the said pawl in an inoperative position. 7.In a device as specified, the combination with a frame, comprising threetubular sections in axial line, connected by arms so as to leave aninterval between the middle section and each end section, a handle onthe middle section, and an operating beveled gear on the middle section,opposite the andle; of a spindle mounted in said frame, having a chuckon its outer end; a pair of oppositely set ratchet wheels on saidspindle; beveled pinions loosely mounted on the spindle, between theratchet wheels and the ends of the middle frame section; pawls on saidinions adapted to enga e the ratchet Wheeis and having rollers on theirfree ends; oppositely set cams feathered to the end sections of theframe and projecting into the paths of the rollers, which cause thepawls to move out of engagement with the ratchet Wheels in alternateorder; and means for locking one of said pawls in an inoperativeposition.

8. In a device as specified, the combination with a frame, a spindlemounted in the v of said pawls to the adjacent pinion in an 10 frame,beveled pnnons loosely mounted on lnoperatlve position; and means forrotating the spindle and pawls mounted on the the pinions in oppositedirections.

pinions; of oppositely set ratchet Wheels se In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature cured upon the spindle adapted to be enin presence oftwo witnesses. aged by the pa'wls; means for automatically JOHN R.SANDBERG.

disengaging one of the pawls from its wheel Witnesses:

at or before the engagement of the other G. SARGENT ELLIOTT,

pawl with its wheel; means for locking one ADELLA M. FOW'LE.

